阅读理解专题训练
A
不一样的平安夜
Christmas Eve means a warm get-together with friends， a candlelight dinner， or perhaps a celebration at a pub（酒馆） for students. But， for Cai Yingjie， the night has a different meaning： helping beggars（乞丐） and the homeless（people without homes）。　　Cai， who is a student in journalism at Tsinghua， could be found at Beijing's Wudaokou Light Railway Station that special evening. When she saw an old beggar， she took the cold， rough hands of the woman with her warm， clean hands， and gave the woman some warm bread and helped her put on a pair of new gloves（手套）。　　The woman was surprised for a few seconds， then burst into tears， saying "for the first time I feel respected（尊重）"。　　Cai said， "A beggar's life is very hard. That's why I want to help them."　　Cai was one of 14 Tsinghua students spending Christmas Eve among the poor. They walked in the cold wind along the streets from 4 to 7 pm on Friday， visiting 15 beggars in Beijing's Haidian District.　　They brought bread and gloves with them， and stopped to greet beggars and offer them some of the warm food. Each beggar greeted them with a look of surprise.　　"I know the activity can't help much， but it's meant to show our respect and care for beggars and the homeless who have been neglected for so long，" said Sun， head of the group. "And Christmas is a good time for that."　　根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。　　1. What does Christmas Eve mean to the 14 Tsinghua students？　　A. Taking 15 beggars to Tsinghua.　　B. Getting together with friends.　　C. Showing care to the beggars and the homeless.　　D. Selling bread and gloves to the beggars.　　2. What does the beggar mean by saying "for the first time I feel respected"？　　A. The beggar has been waiting for Cai for long.　　B. The beggar hasn't been shown care for so long.　　C. The beggar has been respecting Cai for a long time.　　D. This is the first time the beggar has seen Tsinghua students.　　3. What did each beggar feel when they received greetings？　　A. Sad.????????????????????????? B. Amazed.　　C. Frightened.?????????????????? D. Proud.　　4. The word "neglected" in the last passage means _______.　　A. protected???????????????????? B. found　　C. taken care of???????????????? D. given no enough care
B
火中自救小知识(2)

What are you going to do if you are in a burning house？ How will you escape？ Do you know how to save yourself？ Please read the following passage.　　Escaping a fire is a serious matter. Knowing what to do during a fire can save you life. It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family， such as stairways and fire escapes， but not lifts.　　From the lower floors of the buildings， escaping through windows is possible， learn the best way of leaving by windows with the least chance of serious injury.　　The second floor window is usually not very high from the ground. An average person， hanging by the finger-tips will have a drop of about six feet to the ground. It is about the height of an average man. Of course， it is safer to jump a short way than to stay in a burning building.　　Windows are also useful when you are waiting for help. Be sure to keep the door closed. Or smoke and fire may be drawn into the room. Keep your head low at the window to be sure you get fresh air rather than smoke that may leaked（渗） into the room.　　On a second or third floor， the best windows for escape are those that open onto a roof. From the roof a person can drop to the ground more safely. Dropping onto cement（水泥） might end in injury. Bushes（灌木丛） and grass can help to break a fall.　　根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。　　1. It is important to _______.　　A. put out the fire in the burning house? B. know the ways to escape the fire　　C. jump off a burning house?????????????????????? D. keep the door closed　　2. It is possible to escape through the windows _______.　　A. if there are some bushes on the ground???????? B. if you are strong enough　　C. if you live on a lower floor?????????????????? D. If you have a long rope　　3. Which of the following escaping way is NOT right？ _______.　　A. You can escape though stairways.?????? B. You can choose fire escapes.　　C. Escape from the windows that open onto a roof. D. Use a lift to come down at once.　　4. Open the window so that _______ if the building is on fire.　　A. you can get fresh air????????????????????????? B. you can call for help　　C. you can easily jump off??????????????????????? D. you can be seen first　　5. The best title of the passage is _______.　　A. Escaping from the Windows??????? B. Save Yourself in the Burning House　　C. Knowledge on Fire???????????????????? D. Waiting for Help

C
节约用水
Napoga is a 12-year-old girl in Ghana， Africa. It is hard for her family to get clean water. Every morning， she leaves home at half past five to get clean water for her family in a village far away. It takes her six hours to get enough clean water for daily cooking and drinking. She has no time to go to school or to play with her friends. Millions of people in the world are like Napoga. They can't get enough clean water to keep healthy.　　Earth Day is April 22. But on all other days， we must also remember it. The water we use is the most important natural resourceon the earth.　　Water covers 70% of the earth's surface。 But most of that is sea water. We can't use it for very many things. Fresh water covers only 1% of the earth's surface.　　You probably feel lucky that your life isn't as hard as Napoga's. But that doesn't mean you don't have to worry about water. We all face serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. All kinds of things from cars， factories， farms and homes make our rivers， lakes， and oceans dirty. Polluted water is very bad for people to drink. And dirty water is bad for fish， too. Now， 34% of all kinds of fish are dying out.　　How do cars and factories make our water dirty？ First， they pollute the air. Then， when it rains， the rain water comes down and makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain， called acid rain， is also bad for plants， animals and buildings.　　Scientists say that in 30 years， more than half of the people in the world won't have enough clean water. We have to learn how to save more water for ourselves and our children. Here is some advice for saving water：　　Turn off the water while you brush your teeth. You can save as much as 450 liters each month.　　Leaky taps（漏水的龙头） waste a lot of water. Fix them right away！　　You can easily cut your 10-minute showers（沐浴） in half-and you'll be just as clean.　　When you wash dishes， don't let the water run.　　Only wash clothes when you have a lot to wash. If your washing machine isn't full， you're wasting water！　　根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。　　1. Every morning Napoga went to get clean water _______.　　A. before she went to school????????????????? B. after she finished school　　C without going to school???????????????????? D. after she played with her friends　　2. On the earth， _______.　　A. sea water is widely used than fresh water? B. there is very little water for our living　　C. there is 71% of fresh water??????????????? D. we don't need to worry about water　　3. Acid rain _______.　　A. is only bad for living things　　B. can be produced in factories　　C. doesn't do harm to people， but it's bad for plants，animals and buildings　　D. doesn't just do harm to human beings but to ani-mals，plants and buildings　　4. Which of the following wastes water？　　A. We need ten minutes if we want a clean shower.　　B. We should put in enough clothes when we wash them in washing machines.　　C. You can keep yourself clean by having a shower for five minutes.　　D. Don't let the water run when we brush our teeth and wash dishes.　　5. What's the main idea of the passage？　　A. Something must be done to prevent water form be-ing polluted.　　B. Clean water means much to human beings and living things around us.　　C. It's time to take care of the water we use.　　D. Water is the most important natural resource on the earth.

答案及解析

A
1. 选C.第1段的最后一句…helping beggars（乞丐） and the homeless（people without homes）。 就是他们的决定，即去帮助那些乞丐和无家可归的人，给他们以关爱。答案选C.　　2. 选B.根据第3段中的 woman所说的话：…for the first time I feel respected（尊重）。 我们可以推断出：乞丐们有太长的时间没人关心了。故答案为B.　　3. 选B. 在第6段中有这样一句Each beggar greeted them with a look of surprise. 而B选项中Amazed 的同义表达就是surprised，所以答案为B.　　4. 选D.本文讲述了14个清华学子在平安夜帮助流浪汉和乞丐们的故事。这些流浪汉和乞丐们都感到十分的意外和温暖，我们由此可推断他们应该是长期given no enough care（被忽视的）原因。这样我们就可以排除A、B、C三项，最后正确答案为D.
B
1. 选B.从句子It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family，…可知，当房子着火后，最重要的是你要知道the ways to escape the fire（逃生方式），故答案选B.　　2. 选C.在短文的第2段说到…from the lower floors of building escaping through windows is possible.故选C.　　3. 选D.在短文中特别强调在大火发生时，人们可以从 stairways 和 fire escapes逃生， but not lifts（但不能从电梯），因为那是相当危险的。　　4. 选A.在短文的第5段提到了可…keep your head low at the window to be sure you get fresh air…可知。　　5. 选B.通读全文后，短文的大意很明显，在着火的大楼中自救的方法应是短文的主题，故选B.
C
1. 选C.从第1段中的句子She has no time to go to school可知，她根本没有去上学。故选C.　　2. 选B.短文第3段中介绍了全球70%被水覆盖，但只有1%才是饮用淡水。而世界上的很多国家和地区都缺水。所以选B项，即我们的生活用水很少。　　3. 选D.由第5段中的句子Dirty rain， called acid rain， is also bad for plants animals and buildings.可知，acid rain（酸雨）的危害很大。 故答案选D.　　4. 选A.A选项与C选项相互矛盾，则必有一个为正确选项。而从第3点建议（advice）可知，你可以沐浴只须五分钟来节约用水，若用10分钟则是浪费水。故选A.　　5. 选C.读完全文我们知道地球上的水资源有限，所以大家都要节约用水。故选C.