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新目标七年级英语下第六单元词汇和句型精讲

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Unit 6   It’s raining

1.rain un.(不可数名词) 雨,雨水   1)天看起来要下雨。   It looks like rain.   2)去年北京有很多雨水。   There was a lot of rain in Beijing last year.   cn. (可数名词)   一场大/小雨;        一场阵雨   a heavy/light rain     a shower   vi. 下雨   3)看!外面在下雨。   Look! It is raining outside.   4)你们的城市经常下雨吗?   Does it often rain in your city?   rainy adj.(形容词)多雨的,阴雨连绵的   5)多雨的日子总是让我很伤感。   Rainy days always make me sad.   6)请随身带把雨伞,因为这是多雨的季节。   Please take an umbrella with you because it’s the rainy season.   7)他出生在十一月的一个寒冷雨夜。   He was born on a cold rainy night in November.    阳光明媚的    多云的      多雪的   sun---sunny; cloud ---cloudy; snow---snowy     多风的     多雾的    暴风雨的   wind---windy; fog---foggy; storm---stormy   2.天气    气候     是否   weather  climate  whether / if   1)上海那边的天气怎么样啊?   What’s the weather like there in Shanghai?   =How’s the weather there in Shanghai?   2)昆明的气候整年都很温和。   The climate of Kunming is mild all year round.   3)我不知道他明天是否能按时来。   I don’t know if / whether he will be here on time tomorrow.(引导宾语从句)   3. cook vi.做饭   1)---妈妈在哪里呢?   ---她在厨房做饭呢。   ---Where’s Mum?   ---She’s cooking in the kitchen.   vt. 煮,烧,烹饪   2)你知道怎样烧鱼吗?   Do you know how to cook fish?   n. 厨师   3)他爸爸是个做菜的好手。   His father is a wonderful cook.    厨具    烹饪,烹调   cooker n.  cooking n.   4. study  n. 书房; 研究,学习   1)爸爸现在正在他的书房里写报告。   Father is writing a report in his study now.   2)科学家们正在研究那个地区的新植物。   The scientists are now making a study of the new plants in that area.   studies n. 学业   3)你现在学习情况如何?   How are you getting on/along with your studies?   = How’s it/everything going with your studies?   vi. 研究;学习;攻读   4)我的堂兄正在努力学习,准备将来成为一名科学家。   My cousin is now studying hard to be a scientist in the future.   vt. 学习,攻读   5)你长大后想学习语言吗?   Do you want to study languages when you grow up?   learn vt. 学习   learn sth./to do sth./how to do sth.   6)---她在做什么?   ---她在学习英语。   ---What is she doing?   ---She’s learning English.   7)你是何时学会的弹钢琴?   When did you learn to play the piano?   8)你可以在体育俱乐部学习如何打网球。   You can learn how to play tennis in the sports club.   5. pretty adj. 漂亮的,精致的   1)那个留长发的漂亮女士是谁?   Who is the pretty lady with long hair?   2)那件礼服多么精致漂亮啊!   What a pretty dress (it is)! =   How pretty the dress is!   adv. 相当,很   3)你看上去很累,为什么不停下来休息呢?   You look pretty tired. Why not stop to have a rest?   6. hot adj. 热的;辛辣的;极风行的   1)如果你热就把夹克脱掉吧。   Please take off your jacket if you are hot.   2)你喜欢吃火锅吗?   Do you like hot pot?   3)谁是当今最走红的年轻女演员?   Who is the hottest young actress today?   一个棘手的问题    热狗   a hot potato    hot dog   heat n. 热量   4)这个炉子的火不旺。   The fire doesn’t give much heat.   5)在白天最热的时候不戴帽子不要出去。   Don’t go out in the heat (at the hottest time) of the day without a hat.   vt 加热   6)当被加热时,水会变成蒸汽。   When water is heated, it can turn into vapor. =   When heated, water can turn into vapor.   heated adj. 热烈的,愤怒的   7)他们正在进行一个热烈的讨论。   They are having a heated discussion.   heater n. 供热装置,加热器   8)车里的暖气出毛病了。   The heater in the car isn’t working.   =There’s something wrong with the heater in the car.   heating n.供暖系统   9)打开暖气!我感觉有些冷。   Turn on the heating! I feel a little/a bit cold.   7. humid adj. 潮湿的   (If the weather is humid, the air feels warm and wet.)   1)南方的夏天又热又潮湿。   Summers in the south are hot and humid.   wet adj. 湿的   2)尽量不要弄湿了你的鞋。   Try not to get your shoes wet.   3)一上午都在下雨,地面都是湿的。   It’s raining all (the) morning and the ground is all wet.   4)他刚才被雨淋了,他全身都湿透了。   He was caught in the rain just now and he is wet all over.   8. cold adj. 寒冷的   1)出去时穿上大衣,外面很冷。   Put on your coat when you go out because it’s cold outside.   n. 感冒 have a cold, catch a cold   2)他今天没来上学因为他得了重感冒。   He didn’t come to school today because he has a bad cold.   hot => warm => cool => cold   9. lie –lay –lain –lying 躺   1)那位老人躺在床上。   The old man is lying on the bed.   lie—lied –lied –lying 说谎   2)不用向妈妈撒谎!告诉她事实。   Don’t lie to your mother! Tell her the truth.   3)警察认为他在撒谎。   The police think he is lying.   n. 谎言  tell a lie / tell lies 说谎话   4)这个男孩不诚实,他经常对妈妈说谎。   The boy isn’t honest / is dishonest. He often tells lies to his mother.   lay—laid –laid –laying 产卵;放置   5)那位老人的母鸡每天下一个蛋。    The old man’s hen lays an egg every day.   6)下蛋是蚁后的专职工作。   Laying eggs is the ant queen’s full-time job.   7)她放下报纸拿起电话。   She laid the newspaper down and picked up the phone. =   She laid down the newspaper and ….   10. A: surprise, relax, bore, interest, tire, excite, terrify, disappoint,  amaze, embarrass, amuse, scare , please   vt. 使某人……(后面接人做宾语)   1)这个消息使我很惊讶。   The news surprised me.   2)这场足球赛让孩子们很激动。   The football match excited the children.   3)他的话让我很尴尬。   His words embarrassed me.   B: surprising, relaxing, boring, interesting,   tiring, exciting, …. scary, pleasant    adj. (形容词,常与物连用)令人…的   4)那个假期很令人放松。    The vacation is very relaxing.   5)这项工作很令人疲劳。    The work is tiring.   6)天气不错,是吗?   (It’s) pleasant weather, isn’t it?   C: surprised, relaxed, bored, interested,   tired, excited, scared, pleased   adj.(形容词,常与人连用)….的   7)他对这个令人吃惊的消息感到很惊讶。   He is surprised at the surprising news.   8)我们对这部有趣的电影很感兴趣。   We are interested in the interesting movie.   9)她被那只可怕的老虎吓坏了。   She is scared at the scary tiger.   1.It’s raining! (P31题目)   天正在下雨!   it 可用来指代天气、时间、距离等。   1)今天天很热。(天气)   It is too hot today.   2)现在是六点,该吃晚饭了。(时间)   It’s 6 o’clock. It’s time for dinner.   3)从我家到学校有5公里远。 (距离)   It’s 5 kilometers from my home to the school.   2. How’s the weather in Beijing? (P31—1C)   北京的天气怎么样?   后可接时间、地点。   1)今天天气怎么样?   How’s the weather today?   2)四川天气怎么样?   How’s the weather in Sichuan?   回答用“It’s + 天气”。   3)---上海那边天气怎么样?   ---多云。   ---How’s the weather there in Shanghai?   ---It’s cloudy.   同义句为:What’s the weather like?   4)北京的天气怎么样?   How’s the weather in Beijing?   =What’s the weather like in Beijing?   对“天气”提问用“How’s the weather?”   5)今天阳光明媚。   Today is sunny. (对划线部分提问)   → How’s the weather today?   3. Jeff is playing computer games. (P32—2b)   杰夫正在玩电子游戏。   computer cn. (可数名词)电脑   1)我需要一台新电脑。   I need a new computer.   2)---我可以用你的电脑吗?   ---当然。   ---May I use your computer?   ---Sure.   3)他妈妈经常告诉他不要玩游戏。   His mother often tells him not to play computer games.   4. How’s it/everything going? (P33—3a)   最近情况怎么样?最近好不好?后面还可接with sb/sth.用来表达对朋友、家人的关怀。   1)彼特最近怎么样?   How’s it / everything going with Peter?   2)你最近学习情况怎么样?   How’s it going with your studies?   它们的回答可以用:   ---Great! 很好!     ---Pretty good. 相当好。   ---Not bad. 还不坏。  ---Just so-so. 马马虎虎。   ---Terrible. 很糟糕。   5. This is Bob. 我是鲍勃。(P33—3b)   打电话用语:“我是某人”用“This is sb. (speaking)”。   你是某人吗?用“Is that sb. (speaking) ?”。   1)你好!我是鲍勃,你是格林先生吗?   Hello!This is Bob. Is that Mr. Green?   2)我是玛丽。我可以和迈克通话吗?   This is Mary (speaking). May I speak to Mike?   3)我打电话是祝你新年快乐。   I’m calling to say happy new year to you.   6. Thank you for joining CCTV's Around The World show. (P35—3a)   感谢你参加中央电视台的《世界各地》节目。   thank sb. for sth./ thanks for 因…而感谢某人   1)谢谢你的帮助。   Thank you for your help.   2)谢谢你帮助了我们。   Thank you for helping us.   for 是介词,后面接名词或动词的-ing形式。   CCTV’s 中央电视台的   名词+’s是名词所有可格,表示所有关系。   3)这是那个女孩的钢笔。   This is the girl’s pen.   4)老师的办公室在哪里?   Where’s the teacher’s office?   一般有生命的东西后用“-’s” 表示所有格,但习惯上表示时间、距离等无生命的名词也可以用这种表示所有格。   5)在今天的报纸上没有什么有趣的东西。   There’s nothing interesting in today’s newspaper.   6)从这里到学校只有十分钟的步行。   It’s only ten minutes’ walk from here to the school.   多数情况下用“ of +名词”这种所有格:   7)教室的墙上有一幅中国地图。   There’s a map of China on the wall of the classroom.   7. Some are taking photos. Others are lying on the beach. (P35—3a)   一些人在照相,另一些人躺在沙滩上。   Some…others… 一些……另一些……。   1)一些学生喜欢唱歌,另一些喜欢跳舞。   Some students like singing and others like dancing.   2)在我们班,一些坐公交车上学,另一些走路上学。   In my class some go to school by bus and others walk to school / go to school on foot.   take photos / take a photo 照相   take a photo of sb/ sth 给某人某物照相   3)请给这个可爱的孩子照一张相吧。   Please take a photo of the lovely baby.   4)你在国外学习时照相了吗?   Did you take any photos when you were studying abroad?   5)禁止拍照!     No photos! 或:No photographing!   8. Look at this group of people playing beach volleyball. (P35—3a)   看这群人在打沙滩排球。   感官动词的用法:   A:look at / see /watch / notice / listen to / hear sb. +do (不带to的不定式作宾补)表示看/看到/观看/注意到/听/听见某人做某事的全过程。   1)咱们去看他修自行车吧。   Let’s look at him repair / fix up the bike!   2)刚才我看到他走进了房间。(短暂动作)   I saw him walk into the room just now.   3)学生们正在看他们的队踢足球。(全过程)   The students are watching their team play soccer.   4)我周末经常听叔叔拉小提琴。 (全过程)   I often listen to my uncle play the violin.   5)刚才你听到有人叫你的名字了吗?   Did you hear someone call your name just now? (短暂动作)   B:look at / see /watch / notice / listen to / hear sb. +doing (现在分词作宾补)表示看/看到/观看/注意到/听/听见某人正在做某事,即: 动作正在进行 。   6)看那些人们躺在沙滩上!他们好放松啊!   Look at the people lying on the beach! How relaxed they are!   7)当我进他的房间时,我看到他正在写信。   I saw him writing a letter when I came into his room.   8)当我离开时,我注意到她正在哭。   I noticed her crying when I left.   9)请听他正在房间里唱歌。   Please listen to him singing in his room.   10)当我经过老师办公室时,我听到老师正在和汤姆谈话。   I heard the teacher talking to Tom when I passed by the teacher’s office.   11)---你在做什么?   ---我在看我们队踢足球。   ---What are you doing?   ---I am watching our team playing soccer.   12)---你在照片中能看到什么?   ---我可以看到一些孩子在放风筝。   ---What can you see in the picture?   ---I can see some children flying kites.   9. I am surprised that they can play in this heat.   我很惊讶他们能在这么热的天里(在沙滩上)玩。(P35—3a)   sb. be surprised + at sth. 对感到惊讶   1)我们对这个消息感到很惊讶。   We are surprised at the news.   sb. be surprised + to do sth. 对做…感到惊讶   2)我很惊讶在街上遇到了他。   I am surprised to meet him on the street.   3)我很惊讶地发现教室里没有人。   I am surprised to find nobody in the classroom.   sb. be surprised + that 宾语从句.   对某人做某事感到惊讶   4)我很惊讶地发现教室里没有人。   I am surprised (that) nobody is in the classroom.   5)他上学又迟到了使老师感到很惊讶。   The teacher was very surprised (that) he was late for school again.   to one’s surprise 令某人惊奇的是…   6)令我惊讶的是,他居然考试没通过。   To my surprise, he failed in the exam.   in surprise 惊奇地   7)那个男孩正惊奇地看着他的妈妈。   The boy is looking at his mother in surprise.   8)“你能在两小时内完成这项工作?”她惊讶地问。   “Can you finish the work in two hours?” she asked in surprise.   in this heat “在这种热度下”,注意用介词“in”,意思相当于 “in such hot weather” 。   9)在这么热的天气里,他们无法工作。   They can’t work in this heat / in such hot weather.   10)在炎热的夏季的下午,我不想出门。   I don’t want to go out in the heat of a summer afternoon.   10. The people are really very relaxed.   人们真的很放松。(P35—3a)   sb be / feel relaxed   某人感到放松 (relaxed常用人作主语)   1)经过一个假期,我们全都很轻松。   We are all relaxed after the vacation. =   We all feel relaxed after the vacation.   sth is relaxing 某事令人放松(relaxing常用物作主语)   2)这个音乐很令人放松。   The music is very relaxing.   11. Everyone is having a good time.   人人都玩得很愉快。 (P35—3b)   everyone 代词,“所有人,人人”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。与everybody 相比,everyone更口语化。   1)大家都到了吗?   Is everyone / everybody here?   2)人人都喜欢那首歌。   Everyone likes the song.   3)三个和尚没水喝。(众人之事无人管)   Everybody’s business is nobody’s business.   4)每人都有自己的书桌。   Everybody/ Everyone has his own desk.   语法:有时用复数代名词的所有格   Everybody has their own desk.   Everybody中也包含女性,因此要说:   Everybody has his or her own desk.   Everybody 与否定词连用,“并非人人都…”.   5)并不是人人都喜欢从事体育活动。   Not everybody likes playing sports.   玩得高兴;过得愉快   have a good time +其他成分= have fun +其他成分= enjoy + 反身代词。   6)我们在公园里玩得很高兴。   We are having a good time in the park.   = We are having fun in the park.   = We are enjoying ourselves in the park.   做某事很愉快   have a good time + doing sth = have fun +doing sth    7)孩子们在海边玩得很愉快。   The children are having a good time playing on the beach.   =The children are having fun playing ….   =The children are enjoying themselves …



 

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