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(人教Pep)六年级英语下册课件
小升初语法总复习
一、词类:
这里强调一点:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用 is
1)名词复数如何加后缀(各种不同情况变化)
A.一般情况直接加-s
book-books bag-bags cat-cats bed-beds
B.以s. x. sh. ch结尾加-es :bus-buses box-boxes brush-brushes watch-watches peach—peaches glass—glasses
C.以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i, 再加-es family-families study—studies
D.以“f或fe”结尾变f或fe为v,再加-es knife-knives
E.不规则名词复数man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice foot-feet child-children fish-fish Chinese-Chinese
一、词类:
练习
写出下列各词的复数 I _________him _________this ___________her ______watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________
tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______man______ woman_______ paper_______??? juice___________water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________
2.人称代词
第三人称
第二人称
第一人称
I , we
主格
you
he, she ,
it ,they
me , us
you
him , her
It them
宾格
3.形容词性物主代词
I you she he it they we
主格:
My your her his its their our
形容词性物主代词:
This is(my / I)mother.
2. Nice to meet (your / you).
3. (He / His)name is Mark.
4. What’s(she / her)name?
5. Excuse(me / my / I).
6. Are(your / you)Miss Li?
7. (I / My)am Ben.
8. (She / Her)is my sister.
9. Fine , thank (your / you).
10. How old is (he / his)
exercises
4.指示代词指近处指远处单数this (这个)that (那个) 复数these(这些)those(那些)
5.冠词有a、an、the。a和an的区别:an用于元音音素(一般就是元音字母a、e、i、o、u)前,a用于辅音音素前。
6.形容词和副词的比较级
一、形容词的比较级1.形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较
级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。
2.形容词加er的规则:一般在词尾加er ;以字母e 结尾,加r ;
3.以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ; “辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er 。
4.不规则形容词比较级:?good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
二、副词的比较级
1.形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动)(1)在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后(2)副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化:well-better, far-farther)
练习
根据句意填入单词的正确形式:1. My brother is two years __________(old) than me.2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes, she is.4. Who is ___________(thin), you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big), yours or hers? Hers is.
6. Mary’s hair is as __________(long) as Lucy’s.
7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.
8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____.
9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.
10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..
11.Which is ___________(heavy), the elephant or the pig?
12.Who gets up _________(early), Tim or Tom?
二、否定句
be动词(am、is、are)+not、
情态动词can+ not、
助动词(do、does) + not
如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句:
1.看句中有无be动词,如有,直接在be动词后+ not。
2.看句中有无情态动词,如有,直接在情态动词后+ not。
3.如上述二者都没有,就应用助动词+ not。
三、一般疑问句
(1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。
(2)确定助动词用do、does,根据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does,
(3)在助动词后加not。
(4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。
强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any。
常用疑问词 :
What time 什么时间 问具体时间,如几点
Who谁问人 Whose 谁的问主人
Where在哪里问地点
What 什么问东西、事物
What colour什么颜色问颜色
How old多大年纪问年纪
How many多少数量(可数名词)问数量
How much多少钱;多少数量(不可数名词)问多少钱或数量(不可数)
五 时态(一):一般现在时
用法:经常性的和习惯性的动作
常用时间状语 : usually, sometimes, in spring, every day, in the morning
动词构成 :动词原型. work
动词+S.(主语是第三人称单数)works
否定构成 : don’t+动原
doesn’t+动原
一般疑问构成及简答:
Do+主语+动原+其它?Yes,I do.Does+主语+动原+其它?No,he doesn’t.
特殊疑问举例 :
1. What do you often do on Sundays?2. ?Where does he live?
1.???? She ______________ (go) to school at eight o’clock.
2.???? It’s six o’clock. They are _____________ supper. (eat)
3.???? He usually ___________ up at 17:00.(get )
4.???? She ___________ (live) in Beijing.
5.???? Sally _________ (be) here just now. (刚才)
6.???? _______ (be) there a fly (苍蝇) on the table just now?
7.???? They are __________ (dig) a hole (洞).
8.???? My father _______________ (mend) his model(模型) plane these days
用法:说话时正在进行的动作或当 前一段时间正在进行的动作
常用时间状语 :now, these days
动词构成 : am/is/are+现在分词(--ing) am/is/are working
否定构成 : am/is/are+not+现在分词
For example: Tom is playing football on the playground.
一般疑问构成及简答:
Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词+ 其它?
Yes, I am (he is.) /No, they aren’t
特殊疑问举例:
What are you doing now?
Who is flying a kite there?
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Look! The children ________(swim) in the river.
2. Now we ________(want) to play basketball.
3. -________you ________(draw) a picture?
-No, I'm not. I ________(write) a letter.
4.?What are you _________(do) now? I ___________(eat) bread.
5.???It’s nine o’clock. My father_______________ (work) in the office.
6.???Look, the boy____________ (put) the rubbish into the bin.
7.???__________ he __________(clean) the classroom? No, he isn’t.
He____________ (play).
8.???Where is Mark? He___________ (run) on the grass.
9.???Listen, who ____________(sing) in the music room? Oh,
10. Look! LiPing and Li Ying ________(play) basketball now.
一般过去时
用法:过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作常用时间状语:yesterday,last night,two days ago, in 2000,at that time,before liberation,when 等引导的含 过去时的句子。
动词构成:动词过去时(-ed) worked work
否定构成:didn’t+动原 didn’t work
一般疑问构成及简答举例:Did+主语+动原+其它? Yes,主语+did./No, 主语+didn’t.
一般疑问构成及简答举例:Did+主语+动原+其它? We went to the cinema yesterday.
Did you go to the cinema yesterday ?
特殊疑问句举例:
What did he do yesterday?
When did he get up this morning?
备注:He opened the door.(不能确定门现在是否开着)
练习
一、 用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _______ at school just now.2. He ________ at the camp last week.3. We ________ students two years ago.4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
二、 句型转换
1. It was exciting.否定句:__________________________________一般疑问句:__________________________________肯、否定回答:__________________________________2. All the students were very excited.?? 否定句:__________________________________一般疑问句:__________________________________肯、否定回答:________________________
一般将来时
用法:将来会出现或发生的动作
常用时间状语:this evening, tomorrow, next month, in a few minutes, at the end of this term动词构成:
1.will/shall+动原
2.am/is/are going to+动词原型
3.sm/is/are(about)+动词不定式
4.am/is/are+coming等现在分词
否定构成:will/shall not do/ a m/is/are not going to do
特殊疑问句举例:
What will you do tomorrow?When are we going to have a class meeting??
备注:在if条件或as soon as等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I will write to you as soon as I arrived in Beijing.
练习
填空。1.?? 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.I ________ have a picnic with my friends.2.?? 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday?I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。
同学们 再见
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