【名师原创】2014年中考英语语法复习资料 第一部分：词法 中考考点二： 冠词的用法中考考点二：  冠词的用法
考查重点
冠词的考查重点包括不定冠词a和a
n的用法，定冠词the的用法和零冠词的用法等。
一.a和an的区别
不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用于辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的词前，an用于元音(不是元音字母)开头的词前。 
例如：a boy, a university, a European country; an hour, an honor, an is
land, an elephant, an umbrella, an honest man ,a useful book
不看字母看读音,不见原因(元音)别施恩(n)

二.不定冠词的用法
1.泛指某一类人、事或物；相当于any，这是不定冠词a/an的基本用法。[来源:Z+xx+k.Com]
 A horst is an animal
2.泛指某人或某物，但不具体说
明何人或何物。 A girl is waiting for you.
3.表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。 I have a computer.
4.表示“每一”，相当于every.    I go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。
5.用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。 I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.
6
.用在某些固定词组中：
a lot(of), after a while ,a few ,a little ,at a time ,have a swim ,have a cold ,in a hurry ,for a long time,have a good time ,have a look

三.定冠词的用法
1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。The book on the desk is mine
2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。Open the window, please.
3.指上文已经提到的人或事物。I have a car. The car is red.
4.指世界上独一无二的事物。Which is bigger, the sun or the earth?
5.用在序数词，形容词最高级前。The first lesson is the easiest one in this book.[来源:Zxxk.Com]
6.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。the Great Wall 长城，the United States 美国
7.用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。the poor穷人,  the blind盲人
8用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。the Greens 格林一家或格林夫妻俩
9.用在方位词前。on the left在左边，in the middle of在中间
10.用在乐器名称前。She plays the piano every day.
11.用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。
the Black Sea黑海，the Yangzi River长江
12.用在某些固定词组中：
all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the open air 在户外，在野外[来源:Zxxk.Com]
四.零冠词的用法
1.棋类,球类,一日三餐名词前不用任何冠词
 Play chess    play football   have supper
特例：当football，b
asketball指具体的某个球时，其前可以用
冠词：I can
see a football.我可以看到一只足球。Where’s the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)
2.季节,月份,星期,节假日名词前不用任何冠词.
In July   in summer   on Monday   on Teachers’ Day
3.人名,地名,国家名前不加冠词.  Beijing is the capital of China.
4.学科,语言,称呼,语职务名词前不用冠词Math is hard to learn.
5.复数名词表示类别时不加冠词They are workers        I like eating apples.
6.名词前已有物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及所有格限制时,不用冠词
my book(正)；my the book(误)
7.在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。No.25 Middle School

五.用与不用冠词的差异
in hospital住院   /in the hospital在医院里    
in front of在…(外部的)前面   /in the front of在…(内部的)前面    
at table进餐    /at the table在桌子旁
by sea乘船    /by the sea在海边     
go to school(church…)上学(做礼拜…)     /go to the school(church…)到学校(教堂…)去
two of us我们当中的两人/the two of us我们两人(共计两人)[来源:学§科§网]
next year明年 /the next year 第二年
a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)
a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两个人)
练习题
1．More college graduates would like to work in      west part of our country______        next year.
A. the, the     B./,/     C./,the     D. the,/  
2．He hit his sister in        face.
A. the     B. her     C. ×     D. his 
3．-Have you seen        book? I left it here this morning.-Is it        Chinese book? I saw it.
A. a, the     B. the, the     C. the, a     D. a, a 
4．There's        “u” and        “s”
in        word “use”.
A. an, a, the     B. a, an,×     C. a, a, a     D. a, an, the  
5．-Did you see my grandmother?
-Oh, I saw        old woman sitting on a chair by the lake. Maybe she is.
A. a     B. an     C. the     D.×  
6．-Do you see        man with        dog?    -Oh, Yes,       dog is yellow.
A. the, a, The     B. a, a, the     C. a, a, A     D. a, the, A 
7．       next morning, she went to        school without        breakfast.
A. The, the, the     B. The,/,/     C./,/,the     D. The,/,the  
8．-How do you like        film?-It's        ve
ry moving, I think.
A. the, a  B. a, the  C. the,/  D./,the  
9．---What’s the matter with you?     ---I caught ________ bad cold and had to stay in ________bed.
    A. a;/  B. a; the  C. a; a  D. the; the[来源:学科网ZXXK]
10． ---Have you seen _______ pen? I left it here this morning.
     ---Is it ________ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.
    A. a; the    B. the; the    C. the; a    D. a; a
11. I’m going to see my mother. She is ill ____.
　A. in hospital 　B. i
n the hospital 　C. in a hospital 　D. at a hospital
12. We have three meals ＿＿＿day. We have _______breakfast at 6：30 in ＿＿＿
morning every day.
　A. the，the，the　 B. the，/，the　 C. a，/，the 　 D .a，the，the
13.——Tina，could you please play＿＿＿＿ piano for me while I’m singing？　——With pleasure.
　A .a    B. an   　C. th
e    D. /
14. -- What is ______ most useful invention in the 20th century?  -- ______ computer, I think.
A. the; A   B.
a; A   C. the; The   D. /; the
15. Can you see ______ one-eyed cow in ______ field?
A. an; the   B. a; the   C. /; the   D. a; a
16. My friend Bob likes to play ______ basketball before ______ supper.
A. the; the   B. /; the   C. the; /   D. /; /
17. ____ Guangzhou today is more beautiful now. Mr. Jackson said he would visit it ____ third time.
A. The; a   B. The; the   C. /; a   D. /; the
18. I think this is ______ useful dictionary.
A. very a    B. very an   C. quite a   D. quite an
19. -- Did you have ______ good time yesterday afternoon?
   -- Yes. It is __
____ pleasure to fly kites on sunny spring day
s.
A. a; a   B. a; the   C. the; a   D. a; /
20. -- How far is it from our school to ______ seaside?    -- It is ______ eight-kilometer walk from here. 
A. the; an   B. /; an   C. the; a   D. /; a